Each dot is one seat. The further right a constituency sits — the more of its neighbourhoods fall in England’s most deprived fifth — the lower its turnout.
Deprivation measured as the share of the constituency’s small areas (LSOAs) in the most deprived 20 per cent of England. Trend line fitted by least squares. Sources: MHCLG, English indices of deprivation 2025; House of Commons Library, constituency turnout from parliamentary election results.